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¡Á Some of These Days¡Ê¸í¡á½ÐëÀâ 1880¡Å¡Å America 1967¡Å¡Å¡¡87 ¡Ë
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¡¡SOPHIE TUCKER: Biography
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¤¿¡£¥½¥Õ¥£¡¼¤Ï¡¢16ºÐ¤Ç¥ë¥¤¥¹Tuck¤È̿̾¤µ¤ì¤ë¿Í¤È·ëº§¤·¡¢1ǯ¸å¤Ë
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¡¡
¡¡Declaring "I'm the Last of the Red Hot Mamas" in one of her best-
known songs, Sophie Tucker created a brassy, bawdy persona that
made her a smashing success on the vaudeville circuit and the
musical stage.Tucker was born Sonia Kalish on January 13, 1884,
as her Jewish parents were fleeing Russia for Poland and, by the
time Sophie was three, the United States;the family took the last
name Abuza as a cover during their flight.After a spell in Boston,
her parents opened a restaurant in Hartford, Connecticut, where
young Sophie met many a vaudeville entertainer and picked up spare
change singing for them and other customers.Sophie married a man
named Louis Tuck at age 16 and had a son, Albert, a year later,
at which point Tuck left her.Changing her married name to Tucker
to produce her stage name, Sophie moved to New York to pursue a
singing career, initially performing at small cafes and beer halls.
Tucker eventually got an agent, who helped her break into
vaudeville in 1906.At the behest of her handlers, she usually
worked in blackface early in her career, under the logic that
since she was rather generously built and plain of face, her
audiences might not otherwise take to her.
¡¡
¡¡1909ǯ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼¤¬¡¢¥¸¡¼¥°¥Õ¥§¥ë¥É¥ì¥Ó¥å¡¼(Ziegfeld Follies)
¤Ç¤Î»Å»ö¤ò¹ß¤í¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿;Èà½÷¤Ï1911ǯ¤Þ¤Ç¤Ë¼çÌò¤ò±é¤º¤ë¹Ô°Ù¤Ç¤·¤¿¡¢
¤Þ¤¿Èà½÷¤¬ºÇ½ªÅª¤Ëblackface¤òÍî¤È¤·¤¿»þ¡¢Çɼê¤ÊÉþÁõ¤ò»Ù»ý¤·¤ÆºîÍÑ
¤·¡¢¤­¤ï¤É¤¤´î·à¤Î²Î¡¢´¶½ýŪ¤Ê̱Íؤª¤è¤Ó¥é¥°¥¿¥¤¥àÈÖ¹æ¤ÎÈà½÷¤Î
¥ì¥Ñ¡¼¥È¥ê¡¼¤Ë½¾Íè¤Î¥¤¥Ç¥£¥Ã¥·¥å¤Î²Î¤ò²Ã¤¨»Ï¤á¤¿¡¢Èà½÷¤Ï¡¢³°´Ñ¤Ë
´Ø¤¹¤ëº¬µò¤¬¤Ê¤¤¶²¤ì¤ò¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¼å¤á¤Æ¡¢¤³¤ì¤Þ¤Ç¤è¤ê¥Ý¥Ô¥å¥é¡¼¤Ë¤Ê¤ê
¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£1911¤Ï¡¢¤µ¤é¤Ë¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼¤Î½ð̾²Î¡¢¡Ö¤³¤ÎÆü¤Î¤¦¤Á¤Î¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¡×
¤Î¤¦¤Á¤Î1¤Ä¤ÎÂè1¤ÎÏ¿²»¤ò¸«¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£Âè°ì¼¡À¤³¦ÂçÀïÃæ¤Ë¡¢¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼¤Ï
¥¸¥ã¥ºstylings¤òºÎÍѤ·¡¢¥·¥ó¥³¥Ú¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î5¤Ä¤Î¥­¥ó¥°¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë
¾®½¸ÃĤÇι¹Ô¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿;Èà½÷¤Ï¡¢¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¢Âè2¤ÎÉ×¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¯Westphal
(¥Ô¥¢¥Ë¥¹¥È)¤À¤¬Èà½÷¤Î¿Íµ¤¤ËÂФ¹¤ëÈà¤Î¼»Åʾå¤ËÍϤ«¤µ¤ì¤¿¤½¤ì¤é¤Î
·ëº§¤È1914-1917¤«¤éÍ·¤Ó¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£
¡¡
¡¡In 1909, Tucker landed a job with the Ziegfeld Follies;she was
a headlining act by 1911, and when she finally dropped the black-
face act in favor of gaudy costumes and began adding traditional
Yiddish songs to her repertoire of risque comic songs, sentimental
ballads, and ragtime numbers, she allayed all unfounded fears
about her appearance and became more popular than ever.1911 also
saw the first recording of one of Tucker's signature songs,
Some of These Days.During World War I, Tucker adopted jazz
stylings and toured with a small group called the Five Kings of
Syncopation;she also played from 1914-1917 with second husband
Frank Westphal, a pianist, but their marriage dissolved over his
jealousy of her popularity.
¡¡
¡¡1919ǯ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼¤¬¡¢ShubertÉ⤫¤ìÁû¤®(Shubert Gaieties)¤Ë
¤ª¤±¤ëÈà½÷¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î¥Ö¥í¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¡¼Ìò³ä¤ò¹ß¤í¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿;2ǯ¸å¤Ë¡¢Èà½÷
¤Ï¡¢²»³Ú¤Î»Ø´ø¼Ô¥Ô¥¢¥Ë¥¹¥È¡¢¥Æ¥Ã¥ÉShapiro(¤³¤Î¿Í¤ÏƱÍͤË¿¤¯¤Î
Èà½÷¤ÎbawdierºàÎÁ¤ò½ñ¤¤¤Æ¡¢¼¡¤Î40ǯ¤Î´ÖÈà½÷¤Ëȼ¤¦¤À¤í¤¦)¤È¤·¤Æ
ÄÂÂߤ·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£Èà½÷¤Ï¡¢50¤Î¥ì¥Ó¥å¡¼¡¦¥é¥¦¥ó¥É¤Ë¼ç±é¤·¤Æ¡¢1922ǯ¤Ë
¥í¥ó¥É¥ó¤Ø¤Î¿¤¯¤Îι¹Ô¤Î1ÈÖ¤á¤òºî¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼¤Ï¡Ö¤³¤ÎÆü¤Î
¤¦¤Á¤Î¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¡×¤ÎºÆÏ¿²»¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë²Î¤òÈ÷¤¨¤¿1920ǯÂå¤ËÂÇ·â¤òµ­Ï¿¤·
¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¢¡Ö»ä¤ÏÌÔÎõ¤Ê¥Þ¥Þ(Red Hot Mamas)¤ÎºÇ¸å¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡×¡¢¤½¤·¤Æ
¡ÖYiddishe Momme¡×¡¢¸å¤Î2¤Ä¡¢¥¸¥ã¥Ã¥¯¡¦¥¤¥¨¥ì¥ó(¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼¤¬Ç¤Ì³¤È
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±Ç²è¤¬¤½¤ÎÄ°½°¤Î·Ú·à¤«¤éÃ¥¤¤»Ï¤á¤¿¤È¤È¤â¤Ë¡¢¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼¤ÏÄ·Ìö¤òÈà½÷
¼«¿È¹Ô¤Ê¤ª¤¦¤È¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿;Èà½÷¤Ï¡¢1929ǯ¤ËHonky Tonk¤ÎÃæ¤Î±Ç²è
¥Ç¥Ó¥å¡¼¤ò¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¢¤·¤«¤·¡¢Íâǯ¤Ï²»³Ú¤Î¥³¥á¥Ç¥£¡¼¤Ë¼ç±é¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á
¤Ë¥í¥ó¥É¥ó¤Ø¹Ô¤­¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¢¥¹¥¿¡¼¤Ë³¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£¼¡¤Î¿ôǯ¤Î´Ö¡¢
¥²¥¤¤Ê¥é¥Ö(Gay Love)(1936)¡¢1938(1937)¤Î¥Ö¥í¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¡¼¥á¥í¥Ç¥£¡¼
(Broadway Melody)¤ª¤è¤Ó¥µ¥é¥Ö¥ì¥Ã¥É¤¬¡¢¶«¤Ð¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë(1937)¡¢Èà½÷
¤Ï¥í¥ó¥É¥ó¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¸³°´Ñ¤ò»þ¡¹¤Î±Ç²è¤È¸ò¸ß¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼¤Ï¡¢
¤µ¤é¤Ë¤µ¤é¤Ë´ö¤Ä¤«¤Î¥Ö¥í¡¼¥É¥¦¥§¡¼¥·¥ç¡¼¤Ë¸½¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡¢´Þ¤ó¤Ç¤¤
¤ë¤³¤È¡¢»ä(1938)¡¢¥²¥¤Paree¤ª¤è¤Ó¹â¤¤¥­¥Ã¥«¡¼(High Kickers)(1941)
¤Ë¤½¤ì¤ò»Ä¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
¡¡
¡¡In 1919, Tucker landed her first Broadway role in Shubert
Gaieties;two years later, she hired as musical director pianist
Ted Shapiro, who would accompany her for the next 40 years,
writing a great deal of her bawdier material as well.She made
her first of many trips to London in 1922, starring in the revue
Round in 50.Tucker scored hits in the 1920s with songs like a
re-recording of "Some of These Days," "I'm the Last of the Red
Hot Mamas," and "My Yiddishe Momme," the latter two co-written
by Jack Yellen, a regular contributor whom Tucker paid a regular
salary plus commissions.As motion pictures began to rob vaudeville
of its audience, Tucker tried to make the leap herself;she
made her film debut in Honky Tonk in 1929, but the next year
went to London to star in the musical comedy Follow a Star.For
the next few years, she alternated London stage appearances with
occasional films like Gay Love (1936), Broadway Melody of 1938
(1937), and Thoroughbreds Don't Cry (1937).Tucker also appeared
in several more Broadway shows, including Leave It to Me (1938),
Gay Paree, and High Kickers (1941).
¡¡
¡¡¤½¤Î¿ôǯ¤Ë¤ï¤¿¤Ã¤Æ½ù¡¹¤Ë¾®¤µ¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼¤ÎɾȽ;¤ï¤­¤Ë¡¢»þ
¡¹¤Î±Ç²è¤ª¤è¤Ó¥Æ¥ì¥Ó³°´Ñ¤«¤é¡¢Èà½÷¤Ï¡¢¤è¤ê¿ÆÌ©¤ÊÊ·°Ïµ¤¤ª¤è¤ÓÄ°½°
Áê¸ßºîÍѤò¹¥¤ó¤Ç¡¢¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤Î¥Ê¥¤¥È¥¯¥é¥Ö¤ÎÃæ¤Ç¾å±é¤¹¤ë»þ´Ö¤òÈñ¤ä
¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£Ç¯¤Î½ª¤ï¤ê¤ÎÃæ¤ÎÈà½÷¤Î¥ì¥Ñ¡¼¥È¥ê¡¼¤Ï¤·¤Ð¤·¤ÐȾʬÏ䵤ì
¤¿Å¯³ØŪ¤Ê²Î(¤½¤ì¤é¤ÏÈà½÷¤Î²»À¼¤Î¿êÂà¤ò¿¾¯±£¤¹¤³¤È¤ò»Ù±ç¤·¤¿)¤ò
´Þ¤ó¤Ç¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼¤Ï¡¢ÍÍ¡¹¤Ê¥Á¥ã¥ê¥Æ¥£¡¼¤ËÈà½÷¤Î¼ýÆþ¤Î¿¤¯
¤òÅö¤Æ¤Æ¡¢Íø±×¥³¥ó¥µ¡¼¥È¤ÇÉÑÈˤ˾å±é¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¥½¥Õ¥£¡¼¡¦¥¿¥Ã¥«¡¼
¤Ï¡¢ÅÁµ­¤Î²»³Ú¤Î¥½¥Õ¥£¡¼¤Î¼çÂê¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿3ǯ¸å¤Ë¡¢1966ǯ2·î9Æü¤Ë»à
¤Ë¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£ ¡Á ¥¹¥Æ¥£¡¼¥ô¡¦¥Ò¥å¡¼¥¤¡¢¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥ß¥å¡¼¥¸¥Ã¥¯¡¦¥¬¥¤¥É
(All Music Guide)
¡¡
¡¡Tucker's fame gradually diminished over the years;aside from
occasional motion picture and television appearances, she spent
most of her time performing in nightclubs, preferring the more
intimate atmosphere and audience interaction.Her repertoire in
later years often included half-spoken philosophical songs,
which helped hide her vocal decline somewhat.Tucker devoted much
of her income to various charities and frequently performed at
benefit concerts.Sophie Tucker died on February 9, 1966, three
years after becoming the subject of the biographical musical Sophie.
~ Steve Huey, All Music Guide
¡¡
http://ubl.artistdirect.com/music/artist/bio/0,,503590,00.html?artist=Sophie+Tucker
¡¡
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¡Ê2006/01/09¡Ë


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